New solid state phosphate sensitive electrodes for routine environmental monitoring

New solid state phosphate sensitive electrodes for routine environmental monitoring

Highly selective and sensitive phosphate sensors have been fabricated by constructing a solid membrane disk consisting of variable mixtures of aluminium powder (Al), aluminium phosphate (AlPO4) and powdered copper (Cu). Both binary and ternary electrode systems are produced. The ternary membranes exhibit greater selectivity over a wide range of concentrations. The ternary electrode with the com...

Graphitic Petal Electrodes for All-Solid-State Flexible Supercapacitors

Evaluation of a New Solid-State Reference Electrode Junction Material for Ion-Selective Electrodes

The performance and properties of a new low-resistance material, Refex, suitable for use in reference electrode junctions is described. The material is a solid polyvinyl acetate that contains a very large loading of KCl (1: 1 w/w KCl/PVA). Despite relatively large active surface areas in the designs studied (stand-alone reference and combination pH), leakage rates of KC! are remarkably low. pH ...

Exploring electrolyte organization in supercapacitor electrodes with solid-state NMR.

Supercapacitors are electrochemical energy-storage devices that exploit the electrostatic interaction between high-surface-area nanoporous electrodes and electrolyte ions. Insight into the molecular mechanisms at work inside supercapacitor carbon electrodes is obtained with (13)C and (11)B ex situ magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR). In activated carbons soaked with an ele...

Electrochemical protection of thin film electrodes in solid state nanopores.

Solid state nanopores are a core element of next-generation single molecule tools in the field of nano-biotechnology. Thin film electrodes integrated into a pore can interact with charges and fields within the pore. In order to keep the nanopore open and thus functional electrochemically induced surface alteration of electrode surfaces and bubble formation inside the pore have to be eliminated....